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Origin of the idiom DOWN IN THE DUMPS

 It means low-spirited. The dumps was a mediaeval expression which meant melancholy and depression. It 1st appeared in Thomas More's A Dialogue of Comfort Against Tribulation in 1529. It was also used by William Shakespeare. It is also said to be derived from Dumpos, a king of Egypt who died of melancholy.

origin of the idiom FEELING DOWN IN THE MOUTH

it was 1st used in 1649 meaning blue, bad,depressed by Bishop Joseph Hall.
The corners of the mouth are turned down in disappointment.

Origin of the idiom FEELING BLUE

Blue is the colour that affects our mind. It has both positive and negative meanings. It means  not only intelligence and serenity,  but also coldness and unfriendliness. There several sources about the origin of the expression.
It was first used as an adjective meaning sad by the English Poet and Author Geoffrey Chaucer's Complaint of Mars in the 14th century, a poem about love and fate.
Other origin may may be a blue demon in the 17th century.
Different sources state that it comes from the tradition of ships flying blue flags and bearing a painted blue band when their captain died.

Origin of the idiom OVER THE MOON

High diddle diddle,
The Cat and the Fiddle,
The Cow jump'd over the Moon,
The little dog laugh'd to see such Craft,
And the Dish ran away with the Spoon

The origin of the idiom OVER THE MOON is the 16th century nursery rhyme HIGH DIDDLE DIDDLE

Origin of the idiom ON CLOUD NINE

The origin of the idiom ON CLOUD NINE comes from the US Weather Bureau. This organisation describes clouds by an arithmetic sequence. Level Nine is the very highest cumulonimbus which can reach 30,000 or 40,000 feet and appear as glorious white mountains in the sky. So if you are ON CLOUD NINE you are at the very peak of existence.